01 - Place fish fillets in a shallow dish. Drizzle with lemon juice, salt, and pepper. Let marinate for 10 minutes.
02 - In a small bowl, mix olive oil, garlic, cumin, paprika, turmeric, cilantro, and parsley. Rub onto both sides of the fish fillets. Set aside.
03 - Heat olive oil in a large, deep skillet or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add onion and sauté for 4–5 minutes until soft.
04 - Add red bell pepper and cook for 3 minutes. Stir in garlic, cumin, paprika, coriander, and cayenne. Fry for 1 minute until fragrant.
05 - Pour in crushed tomatoes, tomato paste, water, sugar, salt, pepper, and bay leaf. Bring to a simmer and cook uncovered for 10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until slightly thickened.
06 - Gently nestle the marinated fish fillets into the sauce. Spoon some sauce over the top.
07 - Cover and simmer on low for 12–15 minutes, or until the fish is just cooked through and flakes easily.
08 - Remove bay leaf. Sprinkle with fresh cilantro and parsley before serving.